What Is an Antibonding Orbital

An antibonding orbital is a molecular orbital containing an electron outside the region  between the two nuclei. As two atoms approach each other, their electron orbitals begin to overlap. This overlap forms a molecular bond between the two atoms with its own molecular orbital shape. These orbitals follow the Pauli exclusion principle in the same way as atomic orbitals. No two electrons in an orbital  can have the same quantum state. If the original atoms contain electrons where a bond would violate the rules, the electron will populate the higher energy antibonding orbital. Antibonding orbitals are denoted by an asterisk symbol next to the associated type of molecular orbital. ÏÆ'* is the antibonding orbital associated with sigma orbitals and Ï€* orbitals are antibonding pi orbitals. When speaking of these orbitals, the word star is often added to the end of the orbital name: ÏÆ'* sigma-star. Examples H2- is a diatomic molecule containing three electrons. One of the electrons is found in an antibonding orbital. Hydrogen atoms have a single 1s electron. The 1s orbital has room for 2 electrons, a spin up electron and a spin down electron. If a hydrogen atom contains an extra electron, forming an H- ion, the 1s orbital is filled. If an H atom and H- ion approach each other, a sigma bond will form between the two atoms. Each atom will contribute an electron to the bond filling the lower energy ÏÆ' bond. The extra electron will fill a higher energy state to avoid interacting with the other two electrons. This higher energy orbital is called the antibonding orbital. In this case, the orbital is a ÏÆ'* antibonding orbital. Sources Atkins P.; de Paula J. (2006). Atkins Physical Chemistry (8th ed.). W.H. Freeman. ISBN:0-7167-8759-8.Orchin, M.; Jaffe, H.H. (1967). The Importance of Antibonding Orbitals. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN:B0006BPT5O.

Edgar Allen Poe His Life and His Work - 1764 Words

In human nature there exists a morbid desire to explore the darker realms of life. As sensitive beings we make every effort to deny our curiosity in the things that frighten us, and will calmly reassure our children that there arent any creatures under their beds each night, but deep down we secretly thrive on that cool rush of fear. Despite our efforts to maintain a balance of respectable emotions, we are a society of people who slow down to look at traffic accidents and find excitement in the macabre. We turn off the lights when watching scary movies, and when its time to go to bed, we secretly make sure the closet doors are shut. Fear keeps our hearts pumping and endorphins rushing, for it is an emotion that reminds us of our†¦show more content†¦The psychological analysis in William Wilson is an excellent and frightening exploration of split personality two generations before Freud (Edgar Allan Poe- The Life of a Poet). br brIn his ever-popular poem The Raven, Poe takes his readers through the heart of misery with an overcastting shadow of terror. The narrator is a man home alone at night lamenting the loss of his love Lenore. As he reads and nods in and out of sleep, a rapping at his door wakes him, eventually leading him to the infamous Raven. While he at first seeks to understand this black and mysterious bird, momentarily forgetting about the death of Lenore, he is suddenly struck with the idea that this bird is sent from either Heaven or Hell. Does it send word of Lenore? Can it tell him where her soul now resides? As it perches on the bosom of Pallas, goddess of wisdom, only one word will escape its beak: Nevermore. Instead of bringing peace to his broken heart, it only seems to breed more anguish. Reflecting the narrators soul the bird will fly ‘nevermore, becoming a permanent resident of his home, alongside anguish and torment. Poes apt description of the pain and terror that this man is ex periencing demonstrates his love of words and their power to control the human heart. br brPoe seems to delight in using all the language that he can possibly fit into one sentence. Perhaps a look at comparative sentences would help to illustrate this. In Poes The Fall of the House of Usher, theShow MoreRelatedEdgar Allen Poe and His Dark Stories673 Words   |  3 PagesEdgar Allen Poe, an amazing writer and poet, known for his dark themes and use of literary elements. Many individuals read his stories and poetry, but do not know who Edgar Allen Poe is, aside from being a writer and poet. They also do not know why he wrote this way. The amount of time it took for him to be able to publish his first book or how sad he felt when his wife died, people do not know these things. These are the events that helped him become so determined and write so sorrowfully. Read MoreEdgar Allen Poe and His Work Essay1480 Words   |  6 PagesEdgar Allen Poe and His Work Outline I. Introductory Paragraph I.1. Thesis statement I.2. High points II. First Paragraph II.1. Brief history of life III. Second Paragraph III.1. Edgars Writing Style III.2. Examples IV. Specific poems and short stories IV.1. Examples V. Conclusion Paragraph V.1. Restating thesis statement V.2. Restating high points of the paper Edgar Allen Poe was one of the great writers of this world. He created several poems and short stories of aRead MoreEdgar Allen Poe: A Delirious Mind1058 Words   |  5 PagesEdgar Allen Poe is one of the most descriptive writers known today. His works have been intriguing people since he began writing. The depth Edgar puts into his characters and settings is something people crave. The mysterious aspects of his stories immediately seize the readers’ attention. Edgar Allen Poe’s writing depth was affected by his drug and alcohol abuse. Edgar Poe was born on the 19th of January in 1809 in Boston, Massachusetts to Elizabeth and David Poe (Quinn 30). Both ElizabethRead More Edgar Allen Poe1501 Words   |  7 PagesEdgar Allen Poe Edgar Allen Poe was a great writer and made many contributions to the works of literature. He is known as the father of the American short story and also the father of the detective story. To understand Poe’s literary contributions, his early life, literacy life, and works must be examined. Each aspect of his life revolves around the other. Edgar Allen Poe was born in Boston on January 19, 1809. He was born to a Southern family who belonged in a traveling companyRead MoreRunning Head: Edgar Allen Poe 1. Edgar Allen Poe2. . .1286 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: EDGAR ALLEN POE 1 EDGAR ALLEN POE 2 Edgar Allen Poe Name Course Professor’s name Institution Date Edgar Allen Poe Edgar Allen Poe is well recognized as the author of numerous great stories of suspense and horror. He also needs to be remembered as the single author who did help in establishing and developing the real contribution of the America to the actual literature of the world, the short-story form (Bagert, 2008). Poe was the initial writer who recognizedRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe Influences709 Words   |  3 Pagesthree, lost both of his foster parents, and later lost his wife, but instead of letting loss ruin his life, he became one of the most influential American writers ever. He is Edgar Allen Poe. Poe was an expert writer in the dark Gothic style. He once said, â€Å"Words have no power to impress the mind without the exquisite horror of their reality. Edgar Allan Poe’s Life influenced his life because of people claiming he was insane, due to many of his dark and scary stories, loss of his wife, foster motherRead MoreEdgar Allen Poe And Nathaniel Hawthorne1705 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Romanticism Era, Edgar Allen Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne, how real-life events affected their writings, and how their professional careers affected their writings. Edgar Allen Poe was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on January 19,1809 to two traveling actors (Poe s Museum). Poe was the second of three children. He had an older brother, William Henry Leonard Poe, and a younger sister, Rosalie Poe. Before Edgar was three years old, both his parents had died (Poe s Museum). Poe was then taken inRead MorePoe: An Analysis of His Work862 Words   |  4 Pages The Portable Edgar Allen Poe, edited by J. Gerald Kennedy, is a phenomenal compilation of works from one of Americas greatest writers of the nineteenth century. Published in 2006, the book contains short stories, poems, and letters, written by Edgar Allen Poe. Full of lies, hope, revenge, and guilt, the stories in this assemblage are suspenseful and convey powerful messages. Of all the amazing stories that comprise this anthology, â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, â€Å"The Black Cat†, and â€Å"The Pit and theRead More Edgar Allen Poes The Fall of the House of Usher Essay1678 Words   |  7 PagesEdgar Allen Poes The Fall of the House of Usher Death is defined as, The termination or extinction of something (American Heritage Dictionary). Edgar Allen Poe uses this description in The Fall of the House of Usher in different ways. Poes intention when writing The Fall of the House of Usher was not to present a moral, lesson, or truth to the reader; he was simply trying to bring forth a sense of terror to the reader. Poes mind works this way, and critics believe this statementRead MoreEdgar Allan Poes Sorrows1033 Words   |  5 Pagessorrows. Edgar Allan Poe is considered one of the greatest of his time. He lived with his parents No sooner than his father had left his mother passed. She died from tuberculosis at the mere age of twenty four. Poe and his siblings were by her side until her last breath. He later became the dependent of John Allan of Richmond, Virginia hence Allan being Poe’s middle name. The Allans were quite fond of young Poe as they had no children. Frances Allan was very motherly and nurturing towards Poe which

CompareContrast Van Gogh and Chagall Free Essays

Compacter/Contrast Van Gogh and Chloral For this essay, I chose to compare and contrast Vincent van Sago’s â€Å"Starry Night† with Marc Chloral’s â€Å"l and the Village†. The two pieces are lovely and most interesting to evaluate in relationship to one another. I personally love both artists and upon closely examining these famous pieces, I have noticed how similar yet different these works of art are. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare?Contrast Van Gogh and Chagall or any similar topic only for you Order Now Vincent van Gogh was a deeply troubled, post-impressionist artist and his painting â€Å"Starry Night† is his most famous piece. Working from memory, he painted the oil on canvas passing the time in Saint-Remy-De-Provence located in outworn France while undergoing treatment in an insane asylum. The piece is very energetic with eleven fireball yellow stars like connect-the-dots across the big swirls, rolling blue and grey clouds in the night sky. There is a large orange, yellow crescent moon in the upper right corner offset by a tall, spiraling, deep green cypress tree in the lower left area. The pulsating sky contrasted against the little houses and the central figure of the church below, obliviously sleeping with their quiet muted colors, may be conveying that Vincent was feeling unheard and misunderstood by the tizzies of the village as well as the institution of the church; the thickly applied paint portrays this emotional intensity. The painting was done in 1898 inspired by the landscape of the asylum grounds outside his window. It is an oil on canvas and is located at The Museum of Modern Art in New York City. Marc Chloral’s and â€Å"l and the Village† is a highly imaginative, modern piece that illustrates his native Jewish village from his childhood in Russia. In the dreamy painting, there is a clearly conveyed interdependent community of peasants, animals and plants and is a imposition of beautifully blended circles and triangular shapes inspired by cubism. The colors are very vibrant and a considerable contrast exists between the reds, blues and greens. â€Å"l and the Village† integrates folk culture both Jewish and Russian and is very emotionally charged. There is a dream-like representation of an upside down violinist that brings â€Å"Fiddler on the Roof† to my mind. There is also a farmer with a scythe, pastures and a goat being milked. The two central figures are a large goat gazing into the eyes of a big green man with a cap on his head and a cross round his neck and a triangular tree in his hand that I personally believe represents the tree of life from The Bible. The painting most definitely possesses a significant amount of symbolism. The different sized circles are said to represent the earth’s revolution around the sun and the moon’s revolution around the earth. The circular structure in the lower left corner is widely interpreted to be a solar eclipse. The oil on canvas painting measures 75 inches by 59 inches, is his most famous work and is housed in the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. Both paintings depict unit little villages beneath a night sky and convey a sense of harmony. They both contain celestial bodies and are both done in mostly green and blue. Both are comprised of organic and geometric shapes and contain religious symbolism in the form of churches and Chloral’s green man has a cross around his neck, but the greatest similarity I see about the two paintings is a swirling playfulness from Van Sago’s exaggerated stars and clouds to Chloral’s up-side-down musician and houses. I like the free license of post impressionism and modernism that allows the artists to envoy their personal perspectives anyway that they would like. Both paintings are housed at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. Marc Chloral and Vincent van Gogh are really quite different. They are from two different time periods, Chloral being a modernist and van Gogh a post-impressionist. They also have different cultural backgrounds. Marc Chloral was most emphatically a Jewish artist and he was Russian born. Vincent van Gogh was a Dutch painter who was called to be a Christian evangelist at one time. The two paintings differ in that Chloral’s forms are ore geometrical, giving the impression of precision while Van Sago’s figures are much more organic in nature containing lots of bright, swirls spirals. L and the Village† is composed of blue, green, white and red colors while Van Sago’s â€Å"Starry Night† contains blue, green, white and yellow. As this essay draws to a close, I can honestly say that it has been most educational. Now that I know a lot more about Vincent van Gogh and Marc Chloral, I am experiencing a heightened interest in studying their life histories and o ther works of art. I loved both pieces and feel a new relatedness to them. How to cite Compare?Contrast Van Gogh and Chagall, Papers

Asian Media in Transition Essay free essay sample

Using examples from recent editions (from the last 6 months) of a particular English language newspaper published in Asia, examine how Australia and Australian issues are being reported in the newspaper. In your essay, provide a context for understanding Australia’s role in the region. You can draw on the readings for topic 2 for this. Make sure you include a thesis statement/proposition in your introduction, explaining what the central argument of your essay is. For example, it may be that discussion of Australia’s treatment of asylum seekers in Asia are still framed by the country’s historical treatment of immigrants, presenting Australia as still being stuck in the conservative past. Discuss how the reporting of Australia situates Australia in the region and the implications of these representations of Australia in Asia. Australia have been in an on-going struggle to cope with an almost constant influx of asylum seekers, many originally from Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Iran and Iraq, who make their way to Australia by boat via Southeast Asia. Australia is constantly in the spot light regarding its treatment of these aforementioned asylum seekers, with the media ever-questioning whether their complex array of policies are framed by the country’s historical treatment of immigrants, presenting Australia as still being stuck in the conservative past. Using examples from recent editions of the Jakarta Post, the largest English language newspaper in Indonesia, this essay will examine how Australia and the treatment of asylum seekers issue is being reported, how it situates Australia in the region and the implications of these representations of Australia in Asia. Since Australia became a nation in 1901, a number of recurring themes have shaped the actions of generations of policymakers: as a creation of imperial Britain, Australia has always been a long way from ‘home’ and often painfully conscious of its isolation and potential vulnerability; â€Å"The sense of being strangers in a strange land, surrounded by peoples of whom they knew little other than that they were different, alien, and possibly hostile, shaped much of Australia’s early international relations,† (Beeson, 2001). Asia was to play a pivotal role in shaping Australia’s future in that it provides immense new markets and unprecedented trading opportunities. However, Asia was seen as a threat with their overwhelming numbers. The developing racial prejudice was increasingly linked to economic concerns, with fear of Asian migrants taking work from Anglo-Australians and British Migrants. The white Australian policy, also known as the anti-Asian immigration policy, was Australia’s approach to immigration for the most part of the 20th century. Over subsequent years, Australian governments gradually dismantled the policy with the final vestiges being removed in 1973 by the new labour government (Department of Immigration and Citizenship, 2012). Nevertheless, Australia has proved to be anything but consistent when it comes to its direction in foreign relations and policies, particularly the Asian-orientated ones. On the one hand, Australia is trying to reposition itself in Asia as a friend, trader and security partner, with much reference to Asian countries as ‘neighbours’; â€Å"In framing the relationship with Asia in neighbourly terms it could appear that Australians had no thought of giving offense to people who were racially different,† (Walker 2002). And on the other hand, political leaders such as One Nation Party’s Pauline Hanson, mentioned in her maiden speech that she believes Australia is being â€Å"swamped by Asians† (New South Wales Anti-Discrimination Board, 2003). Unfortunately for those genuinely for ‘Asianization’, the white Australia policy has provided an ‘excruciatingly embarrassing legacy for subsequent generations of policymakers keen to embrace Asia, rather than keep it at arms-length’ (Beeson, 2001). The same applies to their treatment of asylum seekers. Former Prime Minister John Howard’s government introduced the so-called ‘Pacific Solution’ in response to the Tampa crisis in 2001 where hundreds of asylum seekers were stranded in international waters. The policy enforced that the asylum seekers were to be transported to detention centres based on Christmas Island, Manus Island in Papua New Guinea, and on the tiny island nation of Nauru, while awaiting processing. However, the policy was dropped in 2007 with claims that it was cruel to make people wait for years to be processed. Regardless, the current Labour government under Julia Gillard has reintroduced much of the Pacific Solution in an attempt to try deterring people smuggling. This issue too has historically-based representations of Australia as a culturally exceptionalist and racially-based society. As revealed by former Prime Minister John Howard, â€Å"if we throw up our hands and say we’re going to stop doing this, we’ll be saying to the world that anybody can come†¦ And I promise you that would be a recipe for this country, to be – I don’t want to use the word ‘invaded’, it’s the wrong expression – but the shores of this country would be thick of asylum seeker boats, thick with asylum seeker boats,† (Klocker amp; Dunn, 2003). Such inconsistencies have been damaging to Australia’s relationships with nations in the region, in particular with Indonesia as the examples of The Jakarta Post will emphasise. There has been a rapid decline in Australian-Indonesian relations since the Timor crisis in 1999 where Australia engaged in a humanitarian-led intervention which was believed to have only been done for economic and political gain (Ferguson, 2001). The Howard government in December 1999 for a time signalled that the East Timor peacekeeping operation indicated the strength of Australia in the region, and even suggested some kind of regional power role (Kelly 1999). This not only caused resentment within Indonesia, but also sparked concerns within the ASEAN (Association of South-East Asian Nations) group as a whole (Ferguson 2001). Australia’s policies have been deemed as having ‘lack of focus and direction’ with Australia being â€Å"caught between its history, economic interests and its geographic location and should be seen as in Asia but not of Asia† (Broinowski, 2001). As mentioned earlier, Australia is still dealing the overwhelming influx of asylum seekers, travelling by boat via Southeast Asia. How they are handling it in terms of the welfare and future of the asylum seekers has been a â€Å"policy arena of some considerable media prominence† (Klocker and Dunn 2003). With the use of examples from recent editions from the Jakarta Post, it is clear that Australia is not favoured by its journalists. By law, Indonesia has press freedom; Article 4 of the 1999 Press Act states: â€Å"Freedom of the press is guaranteed as a basic right of the citizens †¦ Toward the national press, there shall be no censorship, banning or broadcasting prohibition† (Basorie, 2012). Their freedom is evident in the sheer brutality of the articles, with complete disregard of its ‘neighbour’. In Melanie Morrison’s article entitled ‘Time to rethink Australian policies’ released in May 2012, she sums up Australia’s history as â€Å"a complex web of policy failures, defective laws and cheap political rhetoric. † The report focuses on how their â€Å"punitive policies† decided upon a â€Å"knee-jerk reaction† led to hundreds of Indonesian fisherman being jailed. She highlights the reality of how these men are from some of the poorest parts of Indonesia and are â€Å"economically far worse off that the people they re transporting† yet they are being punished harshly for it. She also gives voice and face to the experiences of the asylum seekers, to allow the refugees to be seen publically as individual people for whom audiences could have human sympathy. In another article by Bagus BT Saragih in June, he reports on how a people smuggling ringleader (Captain Emad) was taken into detention on Christmas Island and was given a protection visa and Australian residency only three months after his arrival. This while (as of May) there were 56 Indonesians, including children, who were still in detention in Australia. According to Indonesia’s Foreign Minister Marty Natalegawa, â€Å"if those who allegedly masterminded people smuggling were granted residency permits in Australia, while others who fell victim to such criminal acts have been detained, it really disappoints the Indonesian government. The logic is difficult to accept,† (Saragih 2012), suggesting there is simply no logic when it comes to making these decisions. There are two articles written by Duncan Graham, who is actually Australian and, according to his blog, he has previously worked for Fairfax Press (The Age amp; Sydney Morning Herald), was an ABC TV and Channel 9 presenter and producer; an AAP stringer journalist and a Radio 6NR manager. For someone with so many ties to the Australian media, you would think he would have something pro-Australian to say. But, this is not the case. In the first article entitled ‘Hundreds of lives perish while politicians bicker’, as the title suggests, he points fingers at both sides of the problem, saying the politicians of Australia and Southeast Asia have failed in not finding a solution to the issue of asylum seekers who are dying on their way to Australia. He bluntly mentions that â€Å"if the leaders were public servants, they’d be prosecuted for gross negligence. Because they are politicians, they blame others. He quotes former Liberal Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser, known for his immense support for multiculturalism, saying â€Å"our treatment of refugees, and the poisonous debate engaged in by our major political parties has done Australia much more harm throughout the region. † In the second article, he discusses the, new ‘Australia by boat – No advantage! ’ videos on YouTube, the latest strategy in a complex series of policies rapidly introduced and passed in August by t he Australian government. He begins by describing the stereotypical tourist advertisement, ‘showing majestic landscapes and fine shopping’ that say ‘please come†¦stay and enjoy our eautiful country’s advantages’. He then contrasts the starkly different message of the ‘No Advantage’ videos, 40-second clips pitched to the foreign asylum seekers in Indonesia keen to cross the Indian Ocean but facing tough new laws designed to swamp their plans. The videos state that there is no advantage in paying a people smuggler to travel to Australia, and informing that the Australian government is preparing to transfer asylum seekers who travel by boat to Nauru or Manus Island, Papua New Guinea. This includes people who arrive alone, in family groups, and children. Cut with clips of the Prime Minister, Julia Gillard, announcing the policy, the ad repeats the phrase no advantage five times, just in case the viewers do not get the message. Graham concludes the article by saying â€Å"if you still like to visit the Great South Land and cuddle a koala, do not be deterred by all this negativity. Provided you have got cash for a holiday, a visa and intention to return home you are welcome. Just don’t come by boat. † The last article sums up the general feeling regarding Australia’s policies, in that they are a joke and cannot be taken seriously. Despite the harsh measures they have taken, it has not stopped asylum seekers from getting on those boats, risking their lives for a better one. Conversely, Broinowski (2001) points out that with all the discussion and critiques of Australia’s objectionable practice of ‘caging’ illegal immigrants for long periods while their cases are processed, no one bothers to mention a comparative, perhaps the current war crimes in Mali involving cruel punishments, such as amputations, the stoning to death of an unmarried couple, summary executions, recruitment of child soldiers, among others. By considering only one perspective, these writers appear to make all other nations ‘do-gooders’ while Australia comes out as the only ‘no-gooder’. Nevertheless, it does not exclude the fact that Australia has a tarnished reputation in the region. According to Beeson, â€Å"by not having a clearly defined strategy for encouraging closer relationships with its neighbours, one which allows it to play a more effective and influential role in regional affairs, Australia may be increasingly marginalised from a region upon which its long-term military and economic security depends†. It relation to its economic security in the era of globalisation, John Stone, former secretary to the Treasury and National Party senator, rightly said, â€Å"big business is again calling for an increase in our immigration program. It should understand that there can be no hope of that unless the policies of the past twenty years are fundamentally rethought,† (New South Wales Anti-Discrimination Board, 2003). References Abolition of the White Australia Policy. 2012. Australian Government. Department of Immigration and Citizenship. Retrieved on October 15, 2012 from http://www. immi. gov. u/media/fact-sheets/08abolition. htm Anti-Discrimination Board of New South Wales. (2003). Race for the Headlines: Racism and Media Discourse. Retrieved on October 10, 2012 from http://foreword. com. au/2011/10/eatock-v-bolt-the-delicate-balance-between-racial-tolerance-free-speech/ Basorie, W. 2012. Indonesia’s press is dangerously free. The Jakarta Post. Retrieved on October 17, 2012 from http://www. thejakartapost. com/news/2012/05/15/indonesia-s-press-dangerously-free. html Beeson, M. 2001. Australia and Asia: The Years of Living Aimlessly. Retrieved on 14 October, 2012, from http://espace. ibrary. uq. edu. au/eserv/UQ:10902/mb-aa-03. pdf Broinowski, A. 2001. About face: asian representations of Australia. Retrieved on 14 October, 2012, from https://digitalcollections. anu. edu. au/bitstream/1885/46227/6/02whole. pdf Ferguson, J. 2001. Nationalism and Identity: Indonesia, Australia and East Timor. Retrieved on October 17, 2012 from http://www. international-relations. com/wbip/wblec3. htm Graham, D. 2012. Get the message: No advantage! Right?. The Jakarta Post. Retrieved on October 14, 2012 from http://www. thejakartapost. com/news/2012/09/13/get-message-no-advantage-right-part-1-2. tml Graham, D. 2012. Hundreds of lives perish while politicians bicker. The Jakarta Post. Retrieved on October 14, 2012 from http://www. thejakartapost. com/news/2012/06/28/hundre ds-lives-perish-while-politicians-bicker. html Kelly, P. 1999. Delusion of Grandeur. Weekend Australian, 11-12th December, p25. Khoo, O. 2006. Telling Stories: The Sacrificial Asian in Australian Cinema. Journal of Intercultural Studies, 27:1, pp. 45-63. Klocker, N. and Dunn, K. 2003. Who’s driving the asylum debate? Newspaper and government representations of asylum seekers. Retrieved on 14 October, 2012, from

Feed It Is not the Hypothetical Future, but the Allegorical Reality

Introduction Many people have claimed that M.T. Anderson contemplates hypothetical future in his famous novel Feed. Some have argued that this future can become reality if people keep consuming everything: food, clothes, devices, and even ideas.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Feed: It Is not the Hypothetical Future, but the Allegorical Reality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Obviously, Anderson’s hypothetical future has already come, to certain extent. The author claims that the novel portrays allegorical present as major trends existing in society are brought to the fore. The author focuses on one of the major issues which need to be addressed. Consumerism has become something more than a nice topic for scholars to reflect upon. Consumerism has penetrated all spheres of human being. Anderson makes people think of consumerism as a global and all-embracing phenomenon which shapes the very human natur e. Anderson’s novel is especially important and suggestive as it is a part of the larger discourse. Thus, the novel correlates to works by Freire, Bordo, Foucault and Giroux. All these works make people understand that there is a specific threat. Anderson depicts the world with ‘feeds’ which can be regarded as ways to establish a total control over people, which, in its turn, is manifested in all spheres of their lives: education, relationships and even the way of thinking. Anderson manages to reveal the idea with the help of various literary means which make the novel so intimate, involving and inspiring.Advertising Looking for term paper on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Education and Total Control Anderson’s World Anderson depicts the world where people acquire knowledge with the help of specific devices implanted into people’s brain. People are passive receivers of in formation. Importantly, they hardly choose the information they want to obtain, but some agencies select information sent to people. Only few people try to use their feeds in a more productive way. For instance, Violet says: â€Å"But I want to know what’s going on† (Anderson 111). However, in Anderson’s world the majority of people are satisfied with the information they got. People do not mind huge amounts of rather useless information (e.g. ads) coming into their heads. They get used to it and think it is normal. Of course, this world can seem rather unreal and dystopian. The Real World and Scholars’ Ideas Nonetheless, the work by Freire confirms that the novel is not what may happen in future, but it is about some trends which have already become reality. Freire reveals the concept of banking education. The author argues that banking education â€Å"inhibits and domesticates† creativity as teachers simply deposit certain facts and students are encouraged to accumulate the facts (Freire n.p.). It is important to note that the scholar touches upon a very important issue. Now students do lack creativity, they are not encouraged to generate ideas as teachers seem to be satisfied if a student simply memorizes the necessary amount of information. Likewise, Giroux claims that many important issues remain â€Å"unchallenged by both teachers and students† (19). The two scholars argue that the major aim of education is still to make young people able to think, rather than acquire specific information. Unfortunately, many educators forget about this.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Feed: It Is not the Hypothetical Future, but the Allegorical Reality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is possible to assume that Anderson’s world is not that unreal after all. Anderson simply reveals his concerns in an allegorical way. He depicts people who rely on somebody else’s vision without trying to work out perspectives of their own. Anderson puts allegorical devices into people’s heads. However, people already act as if they had those devices. They consume information provided by TV, the Internet, radio, etc. They focus on things rather than on their own development. It is possible to note that there are already a lot of people who have their ‘feeds’. Anderson rightfully points out that people are becoming plainer as they do not care about really important issues while focusing on some trivial things. The author states that those in power are responsible for many processes that take place in the contemporary world: It’s like a spiral: They keep making everything more basic so it will appeal to everyone. And gradually, everyone gets used to everything being basic, so we get less and less varied as people, more simple. So the corps make everything even simpler. And it goes on and on. (Anderson 97) It is easy to find parallels in the contemporary world to understand Anderson’s assertions are precise. Relations and Total Control As far as interpersonal relationships are concerned, Anderson is not very optimistic. The writer makes it clear that people’s relations are also shaped by those in power. This control is slightly visible. Nonetheless, feeds help authorities to control people and make sure no one differs from the other one. Thus, Violet is different as she strives for knowledge and change. However, she has no right to live in the world where everything is controlled. This dangerous individual is ‘removed’ as her feed slowly kills the girl.Advertising Looking for term paper on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Foucault touches the issue of total control and isolation as well. The author argues that authorities have often used their power to establish total control over people during period of extreme danger (like plague). People were not allowed to leave their houses; they were not allowed to communicate to prevent the spread of the deadly disease (Foucault n.p.). Anderson depicts the world where authorities use their power to prevent the spread of dangerous ideas which can be seen as certain kind of plague. People are bombarded by various ads and bits of information to distract them from what is really important, proper communication and development. Thus, Titus communicates with people who share the same ideas, who are satisfied with their lives. However, as soon as Titus meets Violet who understands that people are like puppets, something goes wrong. Titus and Violet have no future as Violet’s ideas are dangerous; she is infected and can infect others. Violet has to die in Ander son’s world. The story may seem dystopian. It has something in common with dystopias written by Orwell and Huxley. However, it is possible to trace certain similarities with the contemporary world as well. People are often distracted from what is really important. One of Anderson’s character notes that â€Å"Americans are interested in the consumption† without paying attention to many other things (290). Unfortunately, this assumption is applicable to the real world, to certain extent. The Way of Thinking and the Total Control More so, Anderson notices that the very way of thinking is being shaped. His characters are bombarded by ads, which is also taking place in the contemporary world. People’s perception of beauty, health, efficiency, etc. is shaped by numerous ads. Thus, Bordo argues that men’s beauty is seen differently now (168). Notably, people are taught to appreciate certain things, they are told to like what is ‘fashionable’. It is even possible to claim that people are deprived of their right to choose as they are only shown what is ‘right’. Of course, there are many thinking people. However, there are too many people who are eager to accept what is told without thinking critically. Anderson explains this unwillingness or even inability to think critically by the devices implanted. However, it is much more difficult to explain the nature of this unwillingness in the real world. Real people do not have any ‘feeds’ but they tend to follow trends and consume things. Anderson makes people think of the nature of their ‘feeds’. The novel makes people think of how they act and, more importantly, why they act that way. Particular Literary Means People’s Inability to Communicate Noteworthy, many scholars try to draw people’s attention to the issue of consumerism. However, their assertions could not reach such a wide audience. Only literary works can affect so many people at a time. Only a good literary work can make people stop and think. One of the reasons why literary works have such power over people is that literary works are expressive. Writers can achieve their goals by presenting their ideas with the help of some expressive means. For instance, Anderson uses bright metaphors to articulate his ideas. The author argues that people cannot communicate anymore. Communication (or rather proper communication) for them is something similar to brain surgery which is unbearably difficult to cope with: And you have to get exactly the right place, and you’re touching around in the brain but the patient, she keeps jumping and saying, â€Å"Ow.† (Anderson 54) The author does not simply reports that people are unable to communicate as they are overwhelmed by less meaningful things. The author provides the metaphor that speaks to each reader evoking various images. The metaphor used makes the reader think of his/her own relations w ith others. Everyone tries to understand whether he/she is the unfortunate surgeon. The Necessity to Start the Discourse Anderson also makes people understand that it is time to start discussing the problem. The problem should not be discussed by a group of people who are not heard by many. Nations should think of their future. The author states that whispering â€Å"makes a narrow place narrower† (151). This metaphor represents the discourse which can be regarded as whispering as people do not listen to concerns expressed by scholars. Consumerism needs to be considered by every individual as people cannot make their world even narrower than it is now. Anderson provides the bright metaphor to make people understand that they need to address the issue which can become a serious threat to humanity. How to Escape Anderson’s Allegorical Present Thus, Anderson as well as many scholars claims that people need to reconsider their ways. Some may reveal concerns that people hav e no future as consumerism has reshaped the very nature of human beings. However, there is no need to be that pessimistic. People still can change for better. They can save themselves from Anderson’s â€Å"feeds†. People’s hope lies in the sphere of education. Education is the force that can reshape people’s perceptions. Giroux points out that education can provide people with the vision of future (14). Of course, it is necessary to improve the sphere to accommodate it to the world that has already changed. Educators should not simply report some events and provide bits of information. They should encourage young people to think critically, to come up with their own ways and to be creative. Apart from this, educators should make young people understand that each individual should have particular opinion on everything. Educators should make all people understand that choices people make every day make them humans. Educators are responsible for development of generations who cherish free will and never try to create the world with â€Å"feeds†. Thus, new generations will reshape the world of consumers. Some may think that he/she can sit back and wait for those new generations to come. However, people living in the contemporary world are those generations which are to make difference. Anderson’s novel is one of the examples that people are ready to change their world. The fact that the novel has reached people’s hearts is the sign that the changes have already started. Conclusion To sum up, Anderson’s novel is a part of the ongoing discourse concerning consumerism. Anderson touches upon issues which have been discussed by many scholars. However, the novel is one of the most effective writings that has made many people think of their ways. Due to various expressive means, Anderson reaches people’s hearts. Some may assume that the author is very pessimistic as he draws a really sad picture of the future of humanity. However, it is necessary to note that Anderson just warns people. More so, people should not think that there is nothing they can do. On the contrary, people can change themselves and the world they live in. Education is the force that will help humanity go on and develop. Works Cited Anderson, Matthew Tobin. Feed, Cambridge, MA: Candlewick, 2004. Print. Bordo, Susan. Beauty (Re)Discovers the Male Body n.d. Web.http://employees.oneonta.edu/farberas/arth/arth200/Body/bordo_male_beauty.html. Foucault, Michael. Discipline Punish (1975), Panopticism n.d. Web. https://foucault.info/documents/foucault.disciplineAndPunish.panOpticism/. Freire, Paulo. Chapter 2 of Pedagogy of the Oppressed n.d. Web. Giroux, Henry A. On Critical Pedagogy, New York, NY: Continuum, 2011. Print. This term paper on Feed: It Is not the Hypothetical Future, but the Allegorical Reality was written and submitted by user Elisa K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

An Analysis of the Fable, Parable, and Tale Essays

An Analysis of the Fable, Parable, and Tale Essays An Analysis of the Fable, Parable, and Tale Paper An Analysis of the Fable, Parable, and Tale Paper Essay Topic: Literature Many parents enjoy reading their children short stories. In these short stories parents’ read their children, besides the instant entertainment, there is an underlying message to educate and perhaps teach a lesson. Some children’s favorite types of short stories are fables, parables, and tales. Many people do not know that these three types of short stories vary greatly in their individual characteristics, the type of story they tell, and their purpose. The fable, parable, and tale all have differentiating characteristics when compared to each other, but are also similar in some ways. The fable, to start, has little detail about the characters it presents, and they can be just about anything the author decides. The structure of fables involve few extra details, as in the short story â€Å"The Appointment in Samarra† by W. Somerset Maugham (Kennedy 4), with his vague description of the servant being, â€Å"†¦white and trembling† at the †threatening gesture† Death made toward him. This is that, fables, for the majority, are simple in their ability to directly state the moral clearly without any extra, unneeded information. This helps set the message of the story to memory. In comparison, parables have characters that are realistic or human like. However, parables do not directly state the moral at the end of the story, but instead leave the story open for interpretation. Lastly, tales have characters that, just like in fables, can be a range of things. This type of short story tends to have more details of events in the story than fables and parables. Tales unlike the other two types of literary forms, rarely have a moral. This type of story’s goal is less for the â€Å"revelation of character† than the â€Å"revelation of the marvelous† (Kennedy 8). Together fables, parables, and tales are all similar in being short stories but are equally different in the same aspects of being short stories. Fable, parables, and tales each differ in how their story is told. Fables are stories that date back to ancient times and were told by word-of-mouth as stated in the anthology. This type of story serves to simply and directly state a message. Parables present stories that have believable realistic situations. As in the story â€Å"Independence† by Chuang Tzu (Kennedy 8), interpreted by Herbert Giles, the situation had realistic aspects with the man being offered a high government position and turning it down. Parables also have a mysterious and suggestive tone about them that further allows the reader to understand the story. Lastly are tales. Tales are sometimes thought to be stories that have been handed down from generation to generation. This type of story is very unrealistic and has strange events that take place throughout it. The fable, parable, and tale are different in how they tell their story but work in their own way. Each the fable, parable, and tale, have a purpose for their stories. First, the fable serves to teach lessons about life. The fable clearly states a message that can be generalized and applied to life. It presents a statement of truth about the message of the short story. There are two good examples. One in W. Somerset Maugham’s â€Å"The Appointment in Samarra† (Kennedy 4) with the moral that you cannot escape death, and the other example in Vernon Jones’ â€Å"The North Wind and the Sun† (Kennedy 5), that persuasion is better than force. The parable serves a similar purpose of teaching a moral just as the fable does, but it instead, uses realistic situations and does not state the moral clearly, thus is open to several interpretations. The parable however can either be literally or with a deeper comprehension of the story, understood. The tale is a story that is mainly used to entertain the reader. Tales range from being fairy tales, tall tales, and folk tales and can be highly exaggerated, mysterious, and surround around the setting of the story. Each of these short stories purpose is of a great use and importance in the development of many people from being young children to adults with the lessons they’ve learned and interpreted, and the stories they can pass down from one generation of children, to another. Together fables, parables, and tales are equally different and similar in their individual characteristics, how they tell their story, and the purpose they serve in the development of young children to adults with lessons and memorable stories to share. The appreciation one can gain from each type of literary forms has lasted throughout many centuries and is continuing on.

Hierarchies, Incentives and Firm Structure Essay

Hierarchies, Incentives and Firm Structure - Essay Example They suggest that it contains the majority of elements that a partnership has only that it defines the period that it will end. However, joint ventures have been said to have their own predicaments. This paper describes the joint venture of SynChem and Henlin Biotech in utilizing their power in chemical research in technologically upgrading the chemical industry in China. This happened after SynChem had submitted their first application for a patent after discovering the linker technology anti-body drug conjugate (ADC) (Cheng, p.76). The paper additionally describes the benefits and/or problems that all of one of the participants in the joint venture. Finally, it discusses how the joint venture could be set up in such a way so that it still produces the potential benefits but avoids some of the pitfalls inherent in such projects. 2.0 Benefits and Pitfalls The chairman, president and other esteemed guests from Henlin Biotech visited the offices of SynChem with an intention of negotiat ing a joint venture with the company on upgrading the chemical industry in China. These visitors said that by combining their capabilities in research, both companies would greatly benefit in modernizing or upgrading their technologies. There are numerous benefits or pitfalls that such a joint venture may encounter during the course of executing business. The companies in the joint venture may benefit by making local contacts with people who have a greater understanding of the problems that technology is having within the Chinese chemical industry (Ekvall & Evan, p.90). These local contacts may help the companies in building closer relationships with other players in the industry who may bring in additional information and resources for the benefit of the joint venture. Both of these parties that are involved in the joint venture may in turn gain experience on the matters affecting the industry in addition to becoming more familiar the rules or practices used within the Chinese chem ical industry (Bouchikhi & Kimberly, p.112). The joint venture that SynChem and Henlin Biotech are into will greatly benefit both companies that have combined their talents along with resources for achieving their objectives (Cheng, p.88). This is mainly because the companies will be able to pool together their individual workforces, equipment, finances and expertise in overcoming any risks that they may encounter in the industry. Both of the companies in the joint venture may also be able to obtain additional capital sources for facilitating their activities. Their joint venture will enable them to have stronger capital bases from which they can draw finances, additional cash or contributions on their capital from the shareholders within them (Hamilton & Zhang, p.165). The move would greatly enable them in preventing shortages of cash which may hamper their activities or the profitable completion of their projects. The companies within this joint venture which are SynChem and Henli n may additionally benefit through their increased bidding powers and bonding capacities. The companies combined efforts may assist them in attaining more powers when making bids in future projects. This is because the companies in the joint venture may have an extra ability of raising the resources and finances required to complete various projects (Campbell, p.87). Since SynChem is more experienced and

Choices of Hybrid Cars Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Choices of Hybrid Cars - Research Paper Example The price of this car is approximately $ 46,350.00. This hybrid car has several advantages. One of its advantages is the engine to its suspension through steering and differential. The 2014 Chevrolet Corvette Stingray car has enhanced performance. It has a very appealing exterior design that makes it extremely streamline. In addition, the car has LCD instrumentation inside it that make easy for the driver to customize information. Interestingly, the Base audio system pumps the bass, which produces a clean sound effect. It has a few disadvantages. One of the disadvantages is the cabin tech interface is confusing with wide spectrum way of accessing music libraries, the audio sources and map features. The stingray also is not well suited for the presence of heavy traffic. The advantages by far outweigh the disadvantages and its star rating is outstanding. The price of this hybrid car is at $51,000.00. Mercedes-Benz S550 is another hybrid car. It has several advantages, to start with is its mammoth cabin space, which is also smooth making it adorable. The LED lights on the dashboard panels keep the tech to be ahead of the game. Its steering is an assisting feature that eases driving in heavy traffic. The main disadvantages of this hybrid car are its application integration that is very slow when it comes to loading for general use. The virtual instrument gauges look a little bit flat which need a graphic fuel gauge. The bottom line Mercedes- Benz is a good car and rated as excellent. Its prize is ranged between $28,000- $ 104,000.

Gay Scouts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gay Scouts - Essay Example ive perspective maintaining that its legalization stands for an unholy motive since it goes against religious teachings, the proponents maintained that people should not be prejudiced on the base of sexual orientation or preference. This is mostly because gay people had been denied many opportunities because of their sexual preference. Although the issue is highly controversial, legalizing gay scouts is the best option since older ways of prejudice are outdated and a better way of perception ought to be developed since times are changing. One of the reasons why gay-ism ought to be accepted is that even the gays are people who require the support of the society. Gay activists who have been relentless in ensuring that gay people can interact with other people openly through passage of laws that govern their rights for a long time. This is in spite of the idea that this issue had been ignored for decades. The activists also intended to ensure that organizations that mostly sponsor scouts acknowledge them in the society although a significant number of them were against the move to lift the century ban on gay scouts. Although Americans had been divided on this issue, there have been improvements on perception as the gay individuals are becoming more and more accepted in the contemporary society. This has been the main reason why the lift on the ban was possible. The legalization was justified because it has become widely accepted and even banning them does not solve the problem. Acceptance has been identified even in some of the religious institutions that include the United Methodist Church, which is one of the largest religious sponsors with a sponsor capacity of approximately 363,000 scouts (Richter, 2013). This religious institution had a significant influence on the outcome of the ban lift vote because it has many followers who would follow its views making it easy to lift the ban. The lift was also necessary so as to eliminate discrimination of such

Systems for Occupational Health and Safety Management

Systems for Occupational Health and Safety Management Social occupational health and safety practice Develop systems for occupational health and safety management practice Unit standard 5615 Assessment task 1 Audit of health and safety system and records Your audit must include the following steps: determine any organizational requirements for the access to and documentation of workplace health and safety systems and records. You must follow the organizational requirements of your workplace or work placement. Document details of the records and information stored in these health and safety systems. At a minimum your audit of systems and records must include: Accident records, policies, standards, job description, procedures, training records, manuals, inventories, hazard registers, any other health and safety systems used in your workplace. Establish and document your organizations standards for records and information for each of the health and safety systems. These standards may relate to industry specific or internal standards, codes of practice, legislation or regulations, conventions, new Zealand and overseas standards for areas such as health and safety at work, accident compensation, management of resources, and conservation of the environment. Establish and document the main legislative requirements for each of these systems. Compare the records and information you documented on each of the systems with the organizational and legislative requirements you identified. Document the gaps identified. Provide an explanation of the degree to which each system covered by the audit meets organizational standards and legislative requirements.(recording only whether or not requirements were met does not meet the requirements for the audit Document Audit Organizations standards Legislative requirements Comparison of organizational and legislative Requirements Accident records Accident and near misses are recorded in the accident or incident register. Accident form hold details such as: date, time, place that the accident or incident happen, who was involved, how the accident takes place, what injuries were sustained. Blank forms are available from the health and safety officer, organizational requirement is for forms to be completed and checked by the health and safety officer, All organization must keep a register of all accidents that occur in the workplace. There can be a variety of incidents that occur at Auckland city ministry that require we keep a record of what has occurred to ensure the safety of all people involved Mostly met organization require the accident and near misses will be recorded on an accident report form, but there is few thins missing in the form like details of the accident and the further actions for solution. Standards It is a file that written the requirements, specifications and guidelines for staff. A type of standards try to make sure the safety of products and services can help employees work safe. Might describe as what staff need to do in safe way. It provide a good work environment without risk of injury, illness or death for the employees: Safe place of work Safe system of work Safe plant and machinery Competent staff Regulations 1985 Fire safety evacuation of building regulations 2006-the health and disability services standards set requirement for employees have disabilities.-ACOP for the management of noise in the workplace Met Organization standards provide a good and safe work environment for staff. It including noise control, fire evacuation, smoke free and comfortable safe environment. Legislative requirement specific industry standards in the industry, for example: the health and disability services standards. Policy and procedures Policy: guidelines or rules that require certain behaviour or actions. Procedure: sequence of activities or steps to be followed. There are procedures to guide the staff how to perform services in the workplace and be safe to avoid injury or accident to staff or customers. -fire safety and evacuation of Buildings Regulations 2006. Health and safety in employment act 1992 Health and safety in employment regulations 1995. Human rights act 1993 Smoke-free environment act 1990 The employers must provide safety work place for employees the organizations must have procedures and policies to ensure the safety of employees. Mostly met The organization requirement is make sure there is correct policy and procedures to help staff perform in the work and provide the safe work place. But there are few things missing in the fire legislative requirement is to have procedures and policies in place to ensure the safety of employees. Manuals Manuals are written guides that usually cover the specific processes related to an aspect of health and safety , a folder that contains a number of different policies and procedures related to health and safety This have manual books to guide the staff how to use equipment and perform correct in the work. Health and safety act 1992 Safe, health and welfare at work regulations 2007, identification of hazards. Employer required to investigate and determine significant hazard, -hazardous substances and new organisms act 1992 Met Manuals are available for staff to check and it have different policies and procedures related to health and safety guides that cover the specific processes related to an aspect of health and safety. Hazard registers Hazard register is a tool to record all hazard/potential hazards identified in workplace. It is normal to record whether the hazard has been eliminated, isolated, or minimized. All homes be risk assessed to identify the hazards and risks to the staff, clients and visitors. The organization will identify, assess, and manages the actual and potential hazards particularly to our workplace and over which it has authority or influence. Hazardous substance regulation 2001 Injury prevention rehabilitation and compensation act 2001. Not met. Organizational standards is that the hazard register should be up to date and reviewed by the health and safety officer, but founded that the register was outdated and no details or further action for hazards. Legislative workplaces should make sure that there are effective methods in place for identifying hazards that may affect employees at work . They must also identify ways to assess these hazards. Job descriptions It includes job title and the responsibilities for health and safety, the specific health and safety responsibilities. All employee job description are clearly outlined and had a section on health and safety. The reequipments is for health and safety responsibilities to be included in all employee job description Health and safety act 1992 Job description that contain health and safety responsibilities and expectations that are clearly described in their contract. Met The organization job description include the employees responsibilities in health and safety system and heath and safety expectations of the employee. Legislative require job descriptions must contain health and safety responsibilities and expectations in the contract. Training records There is legal requirements to keep records of traning. All employees should be adequately trained to complete their work safety according to the health and safety in employment act. The Occupational health and safety awareness training provides a basic understanding of theOccupational Health and Safety Act(OHSA), and does not replace any sector specific, hazard specific, or competency specific training. The Occupational Health and Safety Awareness and Training regulation requires health and safety awareness training for every worker and supervisor underOntario’s Occupational Health and Safety Act(OHSA). The regulation came into force July 1, 2014. Met All the staff are well trained here. Inventories The Type of health and safety items kept as inventory will vary by type of business. There are many inventories here, they are first aid kits, and fire extinguisher, emergency damn, fall risk, cell phone tracle safety. Work involving hazardous substances(example: requiring an inventory of all hazardous substances used, handled, or stored in the workplace be prepared and maintained/introducing requirements for establishing health monitoring (to be paid for by the business) and storage of monitoring results); Met The inventories here are all met the requirement of the legislation. Assessment task 2 Develop a plan for improvements to occupational health and safety systems In this task you are required to use the results of your workplace health and safety audit to determine an order of priority for the improvement of systems. Once you have established the order of priority, you are to develop and document a plan covering all systems that have not met requirements. Your plan must include: Identification and prioritisation of systems not meeting organizational standards. Prioritisation must be completed based on: The degree of compliance with relevant legislation and standards Assessment of the significance of hazards Cost-benefit analysis Proposed strategies and corrective actions for each of the non-complaint systems in line with the organizational culture of your workplace. When considering the type of corrective action needed you must take into account. Size and location of the workplace Financial viability of the organization Existing management systems Commitment to ISO or other quality management Your plan, including your proposed strategies and corrective actions, must be approved by your workplace supervisor or manager. Health and safety system Degree of compliance/conformity Assessment of hazard/risk Cost-benefit analyze Accident records Mostly compliance with health and safety legislation. But no further actions for the hazard management to solve the problem. High risk as the further actions have not been done, so the accident might happen again. The cost of training and re-design the form is low. The benefit for safety and met legislation is high. standards The document for safeproper storagedisposal of work must be followed Risk of harm for staff and residents, no evidence to cover yourself. The cost of making standard is low, but the benefit is high. Policy and procedures No procedure to infection control High risk Many clients suffer from diarrhea so if there is no infection control procedures for the staff member to follow, it will be cause cross infection and potential hazards in the workplace. The cost of developing policy and procedure is low. The benefits for met legislative requirements are high. The benefits to minimi sing the risk is high. manuals There are some pages missing for how to follow the infection control steps. Medium risk The cost of developing a policy and procedures is low. But it have large benefit for the residents and staff members to protect theirselves. Training records The work place require training records, havent completed training records in last six month. Compliant in organizational requirements, employees have had the appropriate training for their roles in the organization. The cost of training staff is low, but the benefit for the whole organization is high. Hazard register A hazard register was in place, but there were no records to show what had been done to eliminate, isolate, or minimi se each identified hazards. The risk of injury is high if hazards are not being eliminated, isolated and minimi sed. The cost of compliance will vary according to hazards. There is a significant potential cost through in potential injury, there is a legal obligation to do everything practicable to provide a safe work place for employee-so hazard must be managed. Job description Health and safety were included in standard employee contracts. However, organizational requirements for health and safety responsibilities to be included in all employee job description contracts. Not compliance. High fix to employer to employee contract. Not base on the health and safety, just focus on the job. The cost of fix the job description is low but the benefit is high. Strategy: to develop health and safety responsibility section in staffs job description and contract. Correct actions: review staffs job description and contract, -.find template in accordance with legislative requirements, Confirm with legal ad visor -Complete health and safety responsibilities section into staffs job description contract. develop a plan to address staffing numbers -ensure all staff can manage stress well -health and safety records on organization might be need to keep. Health and safety act 1992 Duties relating to health and safety in employment, duties of employers in relation to hazards management. How to identify the hazard: a, every employer should ensure that there are in place effective methods for manage the hazard. b, systematically identifying ex sting hazards to employees at work. c, systematically identifying if possible before, and otherwise us, they arise new hazards to employees at work. d, regularly assessing each hazards identified, and determine whether or not it is a significant hazards. Strategies for the problem: develop policies and procedures, health and safety responsibilities in the job description, how we develop things to do infection control, health and safety section in the fixed contract. Promote health wellbeing in workplace, how we do that Educate staff how to handle challenge behaviour Ensure all identified hazard in organization avoided. Evacuation: natural disaster, training records, document, fires, educate staff fire procedures, ensure staff all trained in fire day. The company is small size that consists full time staffs and around 20 contracts. Due to the company is facing tough financial time and the feature of their service delivery, the strategy and corrective actions are considered as necessary and economic. Cultural difference is taken inti account, because of most of staff are from overseas and have english as a second language. A introduction training may be hold if needed. It aims to ensure all staffs receive correct and adequate information about health and safety responsibility. In addition, if the english is difficult for some overseas staff understand, a translation copy could be given, furthermore, a training record is highly recommended as an evidence should the organization s actions which follow the legislative requirements. Reference list: Health and safety in employment act 1992, retrieved from www. http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1992/0096/latest/whole.html Health and safety awareness training for workers, retrieved from http://www.labour.gov.on.ca/english/hs/training/

Shakespeares Macbeth - Macbeths Guilt :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Macbeth's Implacable Guilt    The Shakespearean tragedy Macbeth underscores the important and usually unforeseen effect of sin, that of guilt. The guilt is so deep that Lady Macbeth is pushed to suicide, and Macbeth fares only slightly better.    Blanche Coles states in Shakespeare's Four Giants that, regarding guilt in the play:    Briefly stated, and with elaborations to follow, Macbeth is the story of a kindly, upright man who was incited and goaded, by the woman he deeply loved, into committing a murder and then, because of his sensitive nature, was unable to bear the heavy burden of guilt that descended upon him as a result of that murder. (37)    In "Memoranda: Remarks on the Character of Lady Macbeth," Sarah Siddons mentions the guilt and ambition of Lady Macbeth and their effect:    [Re "I have given suck" (1.7.54ff.)] Even here, horrific as she is, she shews herself made by ambition, but not by nature, a perfectly savage creature. The very use of such a tender allusion in the midst of her dreadful language, persuades one unequivocally that she has really felt the maternal yearnings of a mother towards her babe, and that she considered this action the most enormous that ever required the strength of human nerves for its perpetration. Her language to Macbeth is the most potently eloquent that guilt could use.   (56)    In his book, On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy, H. S. Wilson comments regarding the guilt of the protagonist:    It is a subtler thing which constitutes the chief fascination that the play exercises upon us - this fear Macbeth feels, a fear not fully defined, for him or for us, a terrible anxiety that is a sense of guilt without becoming (recognizably, at least) a sense of sin. It is not a sense of sin because he refuses to recognize such a category; and, in his stubbornness, his savage defiance, it drives him on to more and more terrible acts. (74)    Clark and Wright in their Introduction to The Complete Works of William Shakespeare explain how guilt impacts Lady Macbeth:    Lady Macbeth is of a finer and more delicate nature. Having fixed her eye upon the end - the attainment for her husband of Duncan's crown - she accepts the inevitable means; she nerves herself for the terrible night's work by artificial stimulants; yet she cannot strike the sleeping king who resembles her father.

Posttraumatic stress disorder

In your opinion, is the government doing enough regarding the diagnosis/treatment of mental illness and PTDS for our returning Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans. (2-3 pages) No, I don’t believe that the U. S. Government is serving the populace in the most diligently way possible. Today which is different from the service people of even my father’s era? In his day back in 1946 WWII had just ended. Though women were on the front lines as nurses they weren’t there as a moving part of the military, flying planes, driving tanks, on board of ships to bearing a weapon. Times are a changing! Poor grammar yes but that was the way that phrase goes. Now today also gays and Lesbians are allowed to be â€Å"Out and proud†! We were always there just now we have a voice and a Right to openly serve. We have always been in the military defending our neighbors. Now like the melting pot that holds all the different variations that can cause mental anguish that allows PTSD to rear its ugly head it seems the variations are un-limited. Now some emotions might be stirred by hatred within the units in the field wielded toward their fellow fighting commandants’. I’d not sure but I would imagine that during Korea and Vietnam women made up maybe only a slight population of the MASH (Mobile Ambulance Surgery Hospital)Bombs bursting around them as well as our poor wounded soldiers can be added to other outward disturbances that can cause PTSD in the Medical Corps. Women who were nurses, in the Civil War, â€Å"Clara Barton†, one of the well known historic nurses that changed for the better care of our battled heroes. Stress is a killer also a side effect of PTSD, suicide. There is a story of two sisters (twins) that both were aboard the sister ship of the Titanic called the Lusitania. The Lusitania was used as a hospital ship in WWI. It carried the wounded, the near death and in some cases the dead. Screams and the smell of the infections haunted one of the sisters to take her life by leaping to her watery death. Her sister’s courage weighed heavy upon the sister who lived till the end of the second trip home from France where the injured boarded. Upon arriving home she resigned and went about her life; unfortunately the sounds of the ship and the pain of her missing sister was I guess you might say the death of her. Her health fell into ruins and her days were marked, she never wed and died before she was 50. According to The US Department of Veterans Affairs (Affairs, 2009), PTSD is defined as â€Å"an anxiety disorder that can occur after you have been through a traumatic event. [ (Affairs, 2009) ]A traumatic event is something horrible or scary that you see or that happens to you. During this event, you think that your life or others' lives are in danger. [ (Affairs, 2009) ]You may feel afraid or feel you have no control over what is happening. [ (Affairs, 2009) ]PTSD from combat is not always acknowledged by the individual suffering from it because of embarrassment, fear of being medically discharged, lack of understanding about what is happening to them, and a variety of other reasons. [ (Affairs, 2009) ]As a person suffers through this disorder without having a proper medical diagnosis or understanding, their life may become very difficult to cope with. [ (Affairs, 2009) ] The exact rate of PTSD in women veterans is unknown. (Iowa, 2007)Studies conducted after the Gulf War concluded that female service members were more likely than their male counterparts to develop PTSD. Iowa, 2007)This is consistent with the 2 to 1 ratio of female to male PTSD sufferers in the general population. (Iowa, 2007) Women are seeking help due to both war trauma and victimization by their peers. (Iowa, 2007) Military sexual trauma is the term used by the VA to refer to a variety of sexual offenses ranging from verbal sexual harassment to assault and rape. (Iowa, 2007) The Veterans Health Care Act of 1992 authorized new and expanded services for women veterans including outreach and counseling services for sexual trauma incurred while serving on active duty. Iowa, 2007) Treatment of PTSD in women who have served in combat is in its infancy. (Iowa, 2007)A treatment intervention known as â€Å"Prolonged Exposure Therapy (PE)† is being used by the VA along with a cognitive approach. (Iowa, 2007)PE therapy gradually exposes the client to images of the threatening experience and has the client repeatedly recount his or her traumatic (Iowa, 2007)memories. Presently, 600 therapists are being trained in these approaches for treatment of female veterans with combat trauma. Iowa, 2007) Women’s Veterans Program Managers are now being placed at VA medical centers across the country. (Iowa, 2007)There are also programs for women who are homeless and those who are at risk of becoming homeless. (Iowa, 2007) I think that time will either be for our advantage as a country and a lesson learned allowing us to implement devices that will help our heroes as they make their journey inwardly and outwardly homeward bound. So they can sleep at night without worries of the war and the things that dominated days and nights while defending America. Posttraumatic stress disorder In your opinion, is the government doing enough regarding the diagnosis/treatment of mental illness and PTDS for our returning Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans. (2-3 pages) No, I don’t believe that the U. S. Government is serving the populace in the most diligently way possible. Today which is different from the service people of even my father’s era? In his day back in 1946 WWII had just ended. Though women were on the front lines as nurses they weren’t there as a moving part of the military, flying planes, driving tanks, on board of ships to bearing a weapon. Times are a changing! Poor grammar yes but that was the way that phrase goes. Now today also gays and Lesbians are allowed to be â€Å"Out and proud†! We were always there just now we have a voice and a Right to openly serve. We have always been in the military defending our neighbors. Now like the melting pot that holds all the different variations that can cause mental anguish that allows PTSD to rear its ugly head it seems the variations are un-limited. Now some emotions might be stirred by hatred within the units in the field wielded toward their fellow fighting commandants’. I’d not sure but I would imagine that during Korea and Vietnam women made up maybe only a slight population of the MASH (Mobile Ambulance Surgery Hospital)Bombs bursting around them as well as our poor wounded soldiers can be added to other outward disturbances that can cause PTSD in the Medical Corps. Women who were nurses, in the Civil War, â€Å"Clara Barton†, one of the well known historic nurses that changed for the better care of our battled heroes. Stress is a killer also a side effect of PTSD, suicide. There is a story of two sisters (twins) that both were aboard the sister ship of the Titanic called the Lusitania. The Lusitania was used as a hospital ship in WWI. It carried the wounded, the near death and in some cases the dead. Screams and the smell of the infections haunted one of the sisters to take her life by leaping to her watery death. Her sister’s courage weighed heavy upon the sister who lived till the end of the second trip home from France where the injured boarded. Upon arriving home she resigned and went about her life; unfortunately the sounds of the ship and the pain of her missing sister was I guess you might say the death of her. Her health fell into ruins and her days were marked, she never wed and died before she was 50. According to The US Department of Veterans Affairs (Affairs, 2009), PTSD is defined as â€Å"an anxiety disorder that can occur after you have been through a traumatic event. [ (Affairs, 2009) ]A traumatic event is something horrible or scary that you see or that happens to you. During this event, you think that your life or others' lives are in danger. [ (Affairs, 2009) ]You may feel afraid or feel you have no control over what is happening. [ (Affairs, 2009) ]PTSD from combat is not always acknowledged by the individual suffering from it because of embarrassment, fear of being medically discharged, lack of understanding about what is happening to them, and a variety of other reasons. [ (Affairs, 2009) ]As a person suffers through this disorder without having a proper medical diagnosis or understanding, their life may become very difficult to cope with. [ (Affairs, 2009) ] The exact rate of PTSD in women veterans is unknown. (Iowa, 2007)Studies conducted after the Gulf War concluded that female service members were more likely than their male counterparts to develop PTSD. Iowa, 2007)This is consistent with the 2 to 1 ratio of female to male PTSD sufferers in the general population. (Iowa, 2007) Women are seeking help due to both war trauma and victimization by their peers. (Iowa, 2007) Military sexual trauma is the term used by the VA to refer to a variety of sexual offenses ranging from verbal sexual harassment to assault and rape. (Iowa, 2007) The Veterans Health Care Act of 1992 authorized new and expanded services for women veterans including outreach and counseling services for sexual trauma incurred while serving on active duty. Iowa, 2007) Treatment of PTSD in women who have served in combat is in its infancy. (Iowa, 2007)A treatment intervention known as â€Å"Prolonged Exposure Therapy (PE)† is being used by the VA along with a cognitive approach. (Iowa, 2007)PE therapy gradually exposes the client to images of the threatening experience and has the client repeatedly recount his or her traumatic (Iowa, 2007)memories. Presently, 600 therapists are being trained in these approaches for treatment of female veterans with combat trauma. Iowa, 2007) Women’s Veterans Program Managers are now being placed at VA medical centers across the country. (Iowa, 2007)There are also programs for women who are homeless and those who are at risk of becoming homeless. (Iowa, 2007) I think that time will either be for our advantage as a country and a lesson learned allowing us to implement devices that will help our heroes as they make their journey inwardly and outwardly homeward bound. So they can sleep at night without worries of the war and the things that dominated days and nights while defending America.

The Need to Study Military History in the Advent of Increasing Technology

The Need to Study Military History in the Advent of Increasing Technology Free Online Research Papers â€Å"Those who do not study history are doomed to repeat it.† These are the famous words of the philosopher and poet Georges Santayana (1863 – 1952). The study of military history at one time was reserved for the officer cast of many military organizations however with the advent of the Noncommissioned Officer Corps in the American Army, the need to understand past military events are essential. Without comprehensive sturdy of our military past, we as a professional organization will be doomed to fail in any future operations. American Military NCOs provide the backbone of the most powerful military force on the planet. Thus the study of military history only strengthens the support this backbone provides. To be a successful Soldier, you must know history. Patton. There Are No New Strategies Military strategies have been developing ever since the dawn of mankind. Man’s ability to adapt and learn new strategy has built a diverse collective repertoire of strategy, techniques and procedures (TTP’s) over the last 5000 years. Many of the strategy used by the American Army are nothing more then variation of a common theme passed down from one fighting force to another. Often these techniques prove to be â€Å"Darwinian† in nature with the most successful surviving and evolving and the least successful being discarded. With the advent of the various cultural and technological developments, it is safe to say that many military situations one culture encounters has already been encountered by another culture. Although targeted developments occur in specific cultures such as gun powder with the Chinese or the Bolo and Boomerang with the Aborigines of Australia, employment of these systems follow a parallel course in the aspect of application. No one civilization has a monopoly on military strategic development. Man’s nomadic nature ensured that any military strategy moved and was shared. As one civilization encountered other a merging and sharing diffident strategies occurred. Prior to the printed word these TTPs’ were taught and spread by word of mouth and hands on demonstrations. A comprehensive study of military history will prove a strong base in which today’s NCO can not just adjust to, but to add on and pass to the next generation of NCOs. Consider the basic concept o f reward and punishment to motivate Soldiers. Although this concept in it’s self is not a direct military strategy, it’s application effects morale and thus is a combat multiplier to mission accomplishment. During the Napoleonic Wars the Emperor Napoleon used this concept to not just motivate his Soldiers but to recruit additional forces from concurred armies. With the statement â€Å"Give me enough ribbon and I can concur the world† this military leader provided the motivational goal for his troops to aspire for. Napoleons technique for awarding these â€Å"little strips of ribbon was with fanfare and as much pomp as the occasion will allow. This made even the lowest ranking foot Soldiers aspire to heights of greatness. Technology is Just another Tool Technology is the application of science to war. This accounts for new weapons and the entire range of new equipment. When the American Army was initially started the technology was rudimentary compared to today’s standards. The Industrial Revolution caused whole chains of technological advances in the fields of weapons, transportation, communication, construction and medicine. Regardless of the technical level of an Army, it’s the implement of that technology that remains the same. For example: flint locks and smooth bore rifles was the standard issue of the day during the Revolutionary War. Up to the development of today’s modern individual weaponry the concept of basic rifle marksmanship has not changed. The same techniques used to send rounds to engage the enemy is the same today as it was in 1775. Today’s NCOs are the Teacher for the Next Generations of NCOs When a professional, well educated Noncommissioned Officers encounter situations unfamiliar to them, many try to â€Å"feel their way thru† until they come to a solution. I argue that as diverse an organization as the NCO Corps is and with the advent of technology, there is no need for any NCO to be stumped by unusual situations. A simple internet search can provide a wealth of knowledge on a variety of situations based off historical references and precedents. We are then obligated to share this knowledge with our young Soldiers and NCOs thus providing a foundation for their professional development and strong knowledge base when dealing with situations they may encounter. Websites like AKO, NCONET, Center for Army Lessons Learned and may others can an do provide an abundant amount of knowledge and provides a source of networking for not just active duty NCO but retirees as well. Words without Reference are Meaningless All too often NCOs hear phrases that are designed to spark motivation not just in their Soldiers but in them. When these leaders act on these words they spark motivation not just in their Soldiers but in themselves. When these leaders act on these words they are engaging form a present day perspective thus without a study in military history a young leader will be hard press to understand the possible outcome of their action. As a point of reference consider the phase â€Å"Lead from the front not from the rear†. Leaders NCOs have been hearing this phase for years but few have knowledge of the historical record of its implementation and application. A good example comes from the Napoleonic Wars. The long artillery column belonging to Marshal Lannes V Corps had taken the wrong road up to the plateau where the rest of the V Corps was waiting and was now stuck behind the lead gun, hopelessly jammed between two large rocks. The senior NCOs were disgusted, both because the officers had gotten them all lost, and because they had wandered off to find supper for them leaving the growing problem in their laps. In the time-honored tradition of professional soldiers, they decided to light their pipes. There was a sudden stir on the ledge above the defile. Startled NCOs looked up from their pipes to notice two men, one holding a lantern. A stern rebuke from a senior marechal des logis chef was choked off in mid-sentence when it was noticed that the man without the lantern wore a simple bicorne and overcoat. The whispered warning of lEmpereur! ran down the column like wildfire. A sudden, shocked, and profane shudder ran the length of the stalled column. Intense activity suddenly erupted as the NCOs realized who was present. Sleepy drivers were knocked awake. Horses ¹ ears pricked up, unwary drivers being thrown from their saddles as their mounts shook themselves awake; pipes were put out. Cannoneers asleep beside their guns were kicked awake by now-alert sergeants and corporals. From a sleepy mass of horseflesh and humanity the column now became a hub of alert and disciplined activity. Napoleon, tight-lipped in his fury as he was told the situation from a veteran marechal des logis, gave a few quiet, succinct orders, and once again became a young captain of artillery. The lead gun crew, supervised by the senior NCOs and directed by the Emperor himself, skillfully worked the gun loose from its granite prison. Acting on instructions from Napoleons companion, a General Aide-de-Camp, the entire column mounted and lurched forward into motion-alert, motivated gunners pulling alongside straining team horses, leather harness creaking under the strain of guns and caissons, to work together up the crude defile. Counter Argument and Response The study of military history is a pointless effort. Many NCOs have very successful careers and have a very limited knowledge of military history. The study of military history is an officers program and is necessary to obtain rank at the senior levels where battlefield decisions must be made. The subject of military history is not instructed in any detail in Basic Combat Training nor is in any Advance Individual Training program of instruction. In most cases the NCO on the ground will have an officer issuing order for him to carry out. If there is any need for a historical analysis and comparison to be made it is already done by the officer issuing the orders. The NCO just needs to execute. With the development of American culture, today’s NCOs have to deal with situations (both in personnel issues and battlefield engagements) that their predecessors could not have imagined. Many of the situations that do have a historical reference can not be handled in the same manner today as it was in the past based off more humane treatment persons both enemy and friendly. Although many NCOs have had successful careers with just a rudimentary knowledge of military history; what was the quality of mentorship these NCOs provided to the next generations of NCOs? I submit that many of the situations these NCOs encountered through out their careers have already happened to a counter part from some past event. Imagine the amount of time and energy a NCO can save with this type of knowledge base. Today’s NCOs are not mindless automatons who respond only when an office issues orders. Today’s NCOs are thinking analytic professionals who must be flexible when dealing with tactical situations. As NCOs monitor these situations they may have to adjust there techniques to meet the developing situation. With a historical base of tactic technique and procedure and NCO can pull references from his acquired knowledge and implement like TTP’s (with a different spin in most cases) to achieve the battlefield advantage. Conclusion When it comes to the implementation of strategy techniques and procedures there is nothing new under the sun. The same strategy used in Americas past wars are still used to day regardless of the technological advances made in weaponry and communication. As today’s NCOs are required to make rapid decisions on the battlefield, a strong knowledge base with a historical presidents is imperative for them to draw from in order to prevent hesitation, complete the mission and achieve victory. References Elting, John Robert and Vincent J. Esposito. A Military History and Atlas of the Napoleonic Wars. Revised edition. London: Greenhill, 1999. 400 pages. ISBN# 1853673463. Elting, John Robert. Swords Around a Throne: Napoleons Grande Armà ©e. N.Y.: Da Capo, 1997. 784 pages. ISBN# 030607572. Fremont-Barnes, Gregory, and Fisher, Todd. The Napoleonic Wars: The Rise and Fall of an Empire. (Essential Histories Special: 4.) Oxford, UK: Osprey, 2004. ISBN# 1841768316 Elder, Daniel K. 2009 The NCO Historical Society. [Online] at: ncohistory.com Research Papers on The Need to Study Military History in the Advent of Increasing TechnologyOpen Architechture a white paperAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Analysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaGenetic EngineeringAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeThe Project Managment Office SystemMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesBringing Democracy to AfricaWhere Wild and West Meet

School Uniform Issue essays

School Uniform Issue essays A Great First Step to Improving Our Nations Schools The rise of violence in todays schools is being considered the worst threat facing the youth of our nation by many school and health professionals (King 1). School officials search for answers to help improve the environment of their schools, only to see conditions continue to deteriorate. Officials have looked into using more security, turn the school year into an all year program, switching schools into magnet schools, implementing school uniform programs, and some schools have even went to the extreme of adding metal detectors in the main entrances of the school. In 1994 Long Beach Unified School District, in California, became the first major school district in the nation to implement a mandatory school uniform policy. According to an article by Jessica Portner, the policy required 83,000 elementary and middle school students to begin wearing a school uniform. Since then, school officials report a 76% drop in crime from the year before the implementation to the 1996-97 school year. The question is are mandatory school uniform policies the first step in improving the quality of education children in every school across the nation receive today? After viewing the positive results in Long Beach, President Clinton has since showed his approval of nation wide school uniform policies in his 1996 State of the Union Address. This has prompted school officials in larger school districts from New York to Chicago, and states ranging from Maryland, Florida, Louisiana, Georgia, and Virginia, all famous for troubled schools, to begin looking at and implementing school uniform policies. All of the above schools have shown a lower amount of violent crime and test scores have been on the rise after the implementation of the uniform policies (Caruso 84). With all the positive results shown in the troubled school districts having implemented school uniform policies...

Monaco Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 16250 words

Monaco - Research Paper Example The political world is represented as contained by big nations, but there are a number of smaller states and territories (SSTs) with political and/or economic influence in the global political landscape (Paul: 1). Altogether there are 56 smaller nations and over 100 smaller territories that are controlled by larger states. A vast majority of SSTs are islands such as Fiji or Barbados. However, there are some states that are landlocked or surrounded by larger countries or located on the coastlines of larger states. These SSTs are countries such as Brunei or the Principality of Monaco (Paul:1) What separates Monaco from a majority of SSTs is that while many of these states recently enjoyed independence in the post-colonial era, Monaco has enjoyed seven centuries of independence (Paul: 1). Monaco also enjoys the distinction of having a forward economy and thus is an SST worthy of closer examination (Paul: 2). This case study is organized and presented in six main parts. The six main parts are: geography, history, political system, economics, culture and tourism and gastronomy. In discussing each of these areas of the Principality of Monaco, a detailed country profile is created that provides an understanding of how and why, the world’s second smallest independent county has managed to secure a place of prominence in the international order. Monaco is a sovereign nation located in the French Riviera (the south-eastern most portion of France, wherein the region is referred to as CÃ ´te dAzur in French and CÃ ²sta dAzur in Occitan, both of which translate into Azure Coast) at the foot of the Maritime Alps. Because of its location Monaco is bordered by France thrice over (to its north, south, and west), with what remains as its Mediterranean coastline, The city-state is notoriously small, being second only to The Vatican City at 1.9 km squared in surface area (King: 15). As a city-state, Monaco is